Una nueva Bildung para una nueva Aufklärung. El proyecto filosófico del primer Fichte

Abstract

The paper explores the connection between the Enlightenment project (Aufklärung) and the concept of education (Bildung, Erziehung), as Fichte understands and develops them in his early writings. The first part of the paper shows that in the Zurückforderung der Denkfreiheit (1793), it is thanks to this connection that the right to express oneself without hindrance and without limit is inalienable. The free exchange of ideas is the source of education, which is the path to Enlightenment. The second part, based on an analysis of Einige Vorlesungen über die Bestimmung des Gelehrten (1794), shows that communication is understood as reciprocal action between rational beings and as the social impulse itself. Thus, in the social sphere, communication becomes education and Enlightenment. This progress must be guarded and encouraged by the wise man, consecrated as the educator of humanity. The last part proposes an analysis of the link between the task of the educator and the task of philosophy, as Fichte understand it in his early years in Jena.